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Lovisa Åhrberg
Maria ''Lovisa'' Åhrberg or ''Årberg'' (17 May 1801 in Uppsala,〔svar.ra.se, (Uppsala födda )〕 – 26 March 1881 in Stockholm,〔ssa.stockholm.se, (dödsbevis )〕), was a Swedish surgeon and doctor. She was the first recognised female doctor in Sweden. She was a doctor and a surgeon already in long before it was formally permitted for women by the reform which made it legal for women to study medicine at the universities in 1870. The only identified earlier female medical practitioner in Sweden, who may have had such an official recognition, was Kisamor, who did not, however, have any formal medical training.
== Biography ==
Lovisa Åhrberg was born in Uppsala in Uppland. Her father was a caretaker at the Uppsala University. Her mother and grandmother were reportedly active within nursing, possible within folk medicine. In the early 19th-century, nurses were merely uneducated helpers to the doctors. During her childhood, Åhrberg accompanied her mother to hospitals. She was never formally as student at any medical school but she was, informally educated in medicine by observation.
As an adult, Lovisa Åhrberg settled in the capital of Stockholm to work as a domestic maid in the household of a family. During her spare time, she helped people afflicted with injuries, wounds and illness with their health problems. Evidently, this started when her help was asked for by friends from Uppsala, were her background was known. Because her treatments were successful, words spread about her knowledge in health care and she was more and more sought after by clients for medical treatment. Initially her clients were poor, but when wealthy people begun to hire her and paid her for her services, she was able to leave her position as a domestic maid and was, from circa the year 1840, able to support herself solely as, in effect, a doctor.
This was in practice not that unusual: in the countryside, women practice medicine in the role of cunning folk, such as Hanna Svensdotter (1798–1864), who was widely reputed as "The Doctoress in Wram" and who was reputed for her treatment of especially leg injuries "far outside of Scania". The practice of Lovisa Åhrberg was however regarded as more controversial.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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